In our hospital, related to Eye Surgery (oculoplasty), from removing the wrinkles around the eyes, making sagged eyebrow and wrinkled forehead have a more natural look with botox, removing the bags under the eyes and the excess skin of eyelids, prosthetic eye to intraocular tumor removal operations and treatments are performed.
Oculoplasty under the main headings:
• Eye aesthetic problems
• Ocular Oncology
• Orbital Diseases
• Prosthetic Eye Problems (orbital implant)
• Tear System Diseases
• Eyelid Diseases
• Eyelid Surgery ( Blefaroplasty)
• Under Eye Bags
• Age Related Eyelid Changes
• Skin Resurfacing and Wrinkle Removal with Radiofrequency
• Botox
Operations which restore the healthy appearance of the eyes by partly removing the excess fat tissue, which causes sagging or bags, under the skin are called blefaroplasty.
For some people droopy eyelids or under eye bags are familial and they become apparent in early ages. Most of the time, the progress depends on the age. Along with aging, upper eyelid skin loosens and creates a second layer. In addition to this loosening, fat pads around the eyes come forward in time and protrudes. The reason is that the tissue holding these pads weakens or the fat amount increases along with aging.
In the success of blefaroplasty, to minimize the problems that may occur; the most important step is the detailed examination of the eye, particularly eyelids. Local anaesthesia is used during the eyelid surgery. Incisions are performed right under the lower eyelid eyelashes and when it heals it is almost invisible. If there is an apparent bagging, fat tissue is also removed. Excess skin is removed from this incision. The incision is closed with fine sutures and they are removed in 4-5 days or they disappear on their own.
Under Eye Bags
Due to aging and genetic reasons, in some people under eye bags occur. This is the protruding of the fat layer because of the loosening of the muscles around the eyes.
Removing under eye bags is a wrong treatment method. Reducing the fat tissue to remove the bags causes serious eye problems. Instead of removing the fat, the fat should be restored back where it belongs.
Age Related Eyelid Changes
Along with aging, eyebrow and eyelid dropping, lower eyelid turning inward or outward, bagging around the eyes or sinking and wrinkles occur. These changes are not only seen along with aging, the reason may also be familial. The changes around the lid give the person a rather unhappy, tired or sleepy look. Depending on the problem the treatment method is determined.
Botox
It is a type of toxin to remove the wrinkles which are signs of aging. The most important thing in botox is to preserve your natural look.
• Eyelid tumors
• Lacrimal gland tumors
• Intraocular tumors (melanoma)
• Hemangioma
• Lymphangioma
• Lymphoma
• Meningioma
• Optic gliomas
• Rhabdomyosarcoma
Eyelid Tumors
3/4 of tumors found around the eyes are benign. When there is a wound not healing, it is absolutely necessary to get an eye examination to determine whether the tumor is malignant or not. The treatment is surgical.
Lacrimal gland tumors
Lacrimal gland tumors are more common than the urinary system tumors. It is more common in adults. The treatment depends on the tumor type. Surgical operation, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the methods for treatment.
Intraocular tumors (melanoma)
Uvea melanoma is the most common intraocular tumor type in adults. As long as it stays in the eye, it is not life-threatening. Treatment for big tumors is surgical and it requires the removal of the eye (enucleation). For smaller tumors, radiation therapy (radiotherapy), plaque radiotherapy (brachytherapy), transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) can be applied.
Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular tumor seen in children. Surgery, radiation therapy (radiotherapy), laser applications are the techniques used nowadays.
Capillery Hemangioma
They are the benign lesions around the eye or behind the eye formed as a ball of capillaries that occur from birth or during the first months after birth. Lesions affecting the vision must be treated.
Cavernous Hemangioma
The most common orbital benign tumor seen in adults. They require surgical removing.
Lymphangioma
Although it is a benign vascular lesion, because of the spreading between tissues in the orbit and the continuous growth, complete treatment is hard. The treatment depends on the case.
Lymphoma
Being a common condition seen in the orbit, the frequency of the incidence is gradually increasing. Depending on the case, radiation therapy (radiotherapy) and chemotherapy are applied.
Meningioma
Neurogenic benign tumor of the orbit. Treatment depends on the case.
Optic gliomas
It is a tumor of the optic nerve and the visual pathway. Depending on the condition of the eye, treatment can be radiotherapy or surgical.
Rhabdomyosarcoma
The most common malignant tumor in the orbit seen in children. Surgical treatment, radiation treatment (radiotherapy) and medication (chemotherapy) applied together.
Eye prostheses are used when the eye is required to be surgically removed due to diseases or accidents. These prostheses do not provide vision but provide an aesthetically good appearance. Eyes without vision are removed when they cause pain or an unpleasant appearance. There are a couple of methods for removing the eye.
• Taking the whole globe of the eye (enucleation): Used for eye tumors.
• Removing the inside of the eyeball (evisceration): This technique is used if the eye will be removed for reasons other than tumors.
Prostheses are divided into 2 types; internal and external ocular prostheses. Internal prostheses are made from special materials to offset the volume of the emptied eye. After the wounded tissues are healed, the measurement of the eyelid is taken so that the external prostheses can be prepared.
Eye prostheses are used when the eye is required to be surgically removed due to diseases or accidents. These prostheses do not provide vision but provide an aesthetically good appearance. Eyes without vision are removed when they cause pain or an unpleasant appearance. There are a couple of methods for removing the eye.
• Taking the whole globe of the eye (enucleation): Used for eye tumors.
• Removing the inside of the eyeball (evisceration): This technique is used if the eye will be removed for reasons other than tumors.
Prostheses are divided into 2 types; internal and external ocular prostheses. Internal prostheses are made from special materials to offset the volume of the emptied eye. After the wounded tissues are healed, the measurement of the eyelid is taken so that the external prostheses can be prepared.
• Eye Dryness
• Tear duct blockages
• Lacrimal gland tumors
• Eye watering
• Lacrimal pathway injuries
Eye Dryness
Eye dryness shows different symptoms depending on the severity of the tear deficiency. These can be starting from minor symptoms such as mild burning, watering and rashes to more severe symptoms which can interfere with the daily life and vision. For mild cases, according to the principle of substitution artificial tear drops are used. More severe cases require different and serious treatment.
Tear duct blockages
The reason of tear duct blockage that is not from birth is not known. The place of the blockage is where the duct and the lacrimal sac junction. It is more common in women. Treatment is surgical.
Nasolacrimal duct continues to develop even after birth. In some of the babies, if the development of the ducts is not complete; symptoms like watery eyes, burring can be seen. Depending on the condition of the patient different treatments are applied.
Lacrimal Gland Tumors
It is more common in adults. The treatment differs depending on the tumor type.
Watery Eyes
Watery eyes are caused either because of the excess tear production or the reduced or stopped discharge. Increased tear production occurs for various reasons. For example; a foreign object in the eye, infection, allergic diseases etc. When the cause is eliminated, watering will also disappear.
Lacrimal Pathway injuries
This occurs usually with the eyelid injuries. If not treated early and correctly, it may cause a permanent lacrimal pathway blockage, constant watery eyes and burring.
• Eyelid Drooping (Ptosis)
• The turning inward of the eyelid (Entropion)
• The turning outward of the eyelid (Ectropion)
• Congenital abnormalities of the eyelids
• Eyelid tumors
• Eyelid injuries
• Age-related changes in eyelid
• Involuntary eye spasm (blepharospasm)
• Sty
• Chalazion
• Ingrown eyelashes (Trichiasis, Distichiasis)
• Facial palsy (facial paralysis)
Eyelid Drooping (Ptosis)
Eyelid drooping (ptosis) is upper eyelid level being lower than usual. This can block the vision covering the iris. Eyelid drooping can be from birth because of the non-development of the muscle that holds the eyelid or it can be age related. Treatment is usually surgical. The method is determined after the examination of the eyelid.
The turning inward of the eyelid (Entropion)
Entropion is caused usually by the lower eyelid turning inward. This can occur either from birth or it can develop in time. Eyelids and eyelashes folding inward can cause injuries on the cornea and vision loss. In this situation, it needs to be treated surgically.
The turning outward of the eyelid (Ectropion)
Eyelid folding outwards usually occur because of age. It also can occur from birth having a paralysis (facial paralysis) of the nerves closing the eyelids and after injuries. This condition can cause eye dryness and infection. Symptoms such as watery eyes, stinging and burning can also occur. With surgical treatment the eyelid is put back into its normal position.
Congenital abnormalities of the eyelids
The most common congenital abnormality is the eyelid drooping ( ptosis). Apart from this, other eyelid disorders such as adhesion of the eyelid (ankyloblepharon), inward turning of the eyelid (entropion) or outward (ectropion), missing pieces of tissue in structures that form the eye (coloboma), extra eyelash layer (distichiasis) can also occur.
Eyelid tumors
Most of the tumors around the eyes are benign. When there is a wound not healing, it is absolutely necessary to get an eye examination to determine whether the tumor is malignant or not. The treatment is surgical.
Eyelid injuries
Eyelid injuries can be caused by physical (traffic accidents, injuries etc.) or chemical (bleach, hydrochloric acid, detergent, limestone etc.) factors. If early treatment is not applied, severe vision loss and deformation can occur.
Age-related changes in eyelid
This can be either age related or familial for younger people. Eyebrow and eyelid drooping, turning inward or outward of the lower eyelid, bagging around the eyes or sinking and wrinkles occur. Treatment is surgical.
Involuntary eye spasm (blepharospasm)
Unknown contractions around the eyes. It occurs in middle age and elderly. Some of the patients cannot use their eyes because of the spasms and this affects their daily life. The treatment is medicinal or surgical depending on the condition.
Sty
Sty is one of the eye infections. It occurs in 1-2 days. It shows itself with stinging and eyelid straining. Although with an early diagnosis it can be stopped with drops, antibiotics and ointments, because the diagnosis usually exceeds 1-2 days, it heals later than usual. Advanced disease state is chalazion and blepharitis.
Chalazion
Tips of the sebaceous glands in the eyelid are the pores of the eyelashes. As a result of getting blocked by factors such as makeup, anointment and infection, swelling and infection occurs in the sebaceous glands behind. It turns into a cyst in time which is called chalazion. For the first step, to prevent infection antibiotic drops are used. Warm medical dressings are used. These dressings organize the infected tissue which may help make the pores expand and empty them. But if it is not treated timely, the body surrounds the infected area with cysts. This may require a surgical draining of the cyst.
Ingrown eyelashes (Trichiasis, Distichiasis)
Ingrown eyelashes can be from birth (distichiasis) or because of turning inward of the eyelid (entropion) or the eyelashes (trichiasis) after some eyelid diseases. Treatment is surgical.
Facial palsy (Facial Paralysis)
Facial palsy occurs when the nerve controlling the movements of the eyebrows, eyelids and face is not working for some reason. In the case of temporary paralysis, to protect the eyes medical treatment is applied. For permanent paralysis different medical treatments are applied.
